Four Indian men have been executed by hanging for the gang rape and murder of a 23-year-old student on a New Delhi bus in 2012, a case that shone a global spotlight on shocking rates of sexual assault in India.
Akshay Thakur, Mukesh Singh, Pawan Gupta and Vinay Sharma were hanged at a jail in the Indian capital on Friday, March 20, more than six years after being convicted of raping and killing 23-year-old physiotherapy intern Jyoti Singh, named by her sympathisers as “Nirbhaya” or “Fearless”.
The victim died from her injuries days after being raped by six men on a moving bus.The incident caused outrage and led to new anti-rape laws in India.
The four men were convicted in 2013, but three of them appealed their death sentence to India’s Supreme Court. All appeals were denied, including mercy pleas to India’s President Ram Nath Kovind.
Campaigners called for tougher laws on sexual assault in a country where, based on official figures from 2018, the rape of a woman is reported every 16 minutes.
While reports of rape are all too common, the execution of prisoners for any type of crime in India is rare.
In 2018, trial courts imposed 162 death sentences — the highest number in nearly two decades — according to data collated by National Law University in Delhi.
However, only a handful of people have been executed over the past 20 years, including three terrorists, and Dhananjoy Chatterjee, who was executed in 2004 over the rape and murder of a school girl.
Recently, the Supreme Court has commuted a number of death penalties to life imprisonment.
Background
On December 16, 2012, Jyoti and her boyfriend took a chartered bus home after watching a film in a Delhi movie theatre. While the bus was moving, a group of men attacked the pair and took the victim to the back of the bus where they raped and assaulted her with iron rods, according to court documents. They also stripped and beat her boyfriend.
Afterward, the men threw the naked victims from the front door of the moving bus and tried to run them over. They then cleaned the bus with the victims’ clothes, before burning them and dividing the “loot” among themselves, including two mobile phones, a wrist watch, and a pair of shoes.
Jyoti died two weeks after the attack in a Singapore hospital, where doctors had been treating her for serious injuries to her body and brain. Before she died, she made statements to the authorities about the attack.
Soon after the attack, police located six suspects, who knew each other before the incident.
The oldest was 34-year-old school bus driver Ram Singh, who “routinely” drove the vehicle where the attack took place, according to court documents.
He was accused of the victim’s rape and murder but was never convicted as he allegedly killed himself in prison shortly after the trial began. His family claimed that he was murdered, according to media reports.
The youngest, who was only 17 at the time of the attack and who cannot be named for legal reasons, was sentenced to three years in a juvenile correctional facility, and was released in 2015.
The other four, aged between 28 and 19 at the time of the attack, were convicted and sentenced to death less than a year later.
They include bus cleaner Akshay Thakur, part-time gym instructor Vinay Sharma, fruit seller Pawan Gupta, and Ram Singh’s younger brother Mukesh Singh. (Source: CNN)